WHAT IS ARTIFICIAL SELECTION?
also called Selective Breeding

It's a technique in which plants or animals with desirable traits are bred together to make an organism with specific inheritable characteristics.
It was defined by Charles Darwin in contrast to Natural Selection. 
Ex. Liger- a lion and a tiger were bred together to make a different individual organism.
Before 16th century people were already making changes to plants' traits without giving it any thought. Back then they didn't know what they were doing.
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REFERENCES:
Wikipedia
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